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03 - Weld Flange with Rod - ASME IX
Wiki Alutal
- 01 - Introdução
- 02 - O Sensor
- 03 - Princípio de medição
- 04 - Montagem típica
- 05 - Recomendações
- 06 - Termorresistência Padrão
- 07 - Termorresistência Industrial
- 08 - Auto Aquecimento
- 09 - Resistência de isolação
- 10 - Vantagens em relação aos termopares
- 11 - Desvantagens em relação aos termopares
- 12 - Tolerância
- 13 - Tabela de Conversão Resistência x Temperatura
- 14 - Tempo de Resposta
- 02 - Transmissão de Calor
- 03 - Equilíbrio Térmico
- 04 - Lei Zero da Termodinâmica
- 05 - Primeira Lei da Termodinâmica
- 06 - Segunda Lei da Termodinâmica
- 07 - Terceira Lei da Termodinâmica
- 08 - Escalas Termométricas
- 09 - Escala Internacional de Temperaturas
- 10 - Tipos de Sensores de Temperatura
- 11 - Teoria Termoelétrica
- 13 - Anders Celsius
- 14 - Thomas Johann Seebeck
- 15 - Jean Charles Athanase Peltier
- 16 - Willian Thomson (Lorde Kelvin)
- 20 - Força Eletromotriz
- 12 - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
- 17 - William John Macquorn Rankine
- 18 - René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur
- 19 - Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck
- 01 - Heat and Temperature
- 01 - Introdução
- 02 - Fios termopares
- 03 - Tipos de Termopares
- 04 - Efeito Seebeck
- 05 - Efeito Peltier
- 06 - Efeito Thomson
- 22 - Associação de termopares
- 07 - Correlação da Força Eletromotriz (F.E.M.)
- 08 - As Leis Termoelétricas
- 09 - Lei do Circuito Homogêneo
- 10 - Lei dos Metais Intermediários
- 11 - Lei das Temperaturas Intermediárias
- 24 - Termopares Especiais
- 12 - Envelhecimento de Termopares
- 13 - Oscilação de medidas
- 14 - Erros comuns de ligação
- 15 - Normas Temperatura
- 16 - Tipos de Atmosferas
- 17 - Termopar Convencional
- 18 - Termopar de Isolação Mineral
- 20 - Blindagem Eletrostática/Tempo de Resposta
- 21 - Termopar padrão
- 23 - Recomendações para instalação de termopares
- 29 - Tabela de conversão Milivontagem x Temperatura
- 25 - Imersão do sensor
- 28 - Termopares partindo de Fios/cabos de Extensão
- 26 - Magnetização do termopar tipo K
- 27 - Green-Root
- 19 - Termopares Flexíveis
03 - Weld Flange with Rod - ASME IX
This welding process qualification of welder and welding process is necessary , documents drawn from certification of welded samples and welding processes , which has the backing of a qualified engineer to perform this task .For each specific material dissimilar material and a mounting flange and the stem is required and welding procedure qualification of welding , so that a single procedure and qualification is not valid for all types steels .
Types of Welding

Materials commonly used
Material | T máxima | Comments |
Carbon Black Iron or Steel | 540 °C | Satisfactory in non-corrosive atmospheres |
Ductile Iron Pearlitic | 700 °C | Typically used in non-ferrous smelter |
304 stainless steel | 850 °C | Good corrosion resistance , can be used in oxidizing atmosphere , reducing , neutral and vacuum. the use in the presence of sulfur or reducing flame is not recommended. |
316 stainless steel | 850 °C | Higher corrosion resistance than 304 stainless steel . Good resistance to acids and alkalis. |
Stainless steel 310 | 1100 °C | Good oxidation resistance properties at high temperatures. Usable in oxidizing atmosphere , reducing , neutral, or in vacuo. Good for use in sulphurous atmosphere. |
Chrome steel 446 | 1100 °C | Excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion and high temperatures , good resistance to sulfur atmospheres. |
Inconel 600 | 1150 °C | Excellent resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. Its use in atmospheres containing sulfur above 500 ° C should be avoided. |
Failure of a protection well
Process Speed
• The speed and direction of the process fluid determined by the ratio of space time by (m / s ft / s, etc.)
Oscillation
• Vibration - (mechanical Oscillation) is caused by repeated variation of the forces that act in the process. These forces generate an impulse causing it to have a motion similar to a pendulum.
• Resonance - When a protection well vibrates, it creates and stores its own energy, it vibrates using its own frequency. If the vibration frequency corresponds to the resonant frequency of the shaft protection, you can vibrate to the point of rupture.
Pressure
• The protection of well should be specified according to the pressure exerted on it in the process.
• The wall thickness should be adequate.
Compatibility with the process
• Erosion and corrosion should be considered when choosing the thermowell material.
overtemperature
• Use at higher temperatures than recommended, will affect the well resistance.